Pandya Dynasty is considered to be one of the powerful ruling dynasties in South India. They ruled mainly the ancient state of Tamil Nadu. Hindu Kingdoms in Medieval India lacked political unity. This was one of the main reasons for the invasion of the Muslims. Mongol Invasions in India continued from 1221 to 1327 during which the army took control over Punjab and Kashmir. They, however, could not subdue the Delhi Sultanate. The Sayyids ruled the Indian continent from 1339 to 1561 for nearly 222 years. Muslim Rule in India saw the emergence of a number of different ruling dynasties who ruled over the subcontinent at successive intervals. Of the various Muslim dynasties that managed to hold sway in the country, the Mughals were by far the most prominent and had a lasting impact on the life, art, architecture, culture and even administration of the country for centuries to come. The engaging history of the Durrani Empire explores the politics of empire building. The last ruling family of the Delhi Sultanate, the Lodi Dynasty was the first Afghan Pashtun Dynasty in India who ruled from AD 1451 to 1526. Karrani Dynasty was Bengal Muslim Dynasty and was known as the last dynasty of Bengal Sultanate. Foreign Invasions in India during the medieval period initiated with the attacks made by the Arabs and the Turks. A series of invasions followed after this, which had left a deep impact on the art, culture and traditions of India. Mahmud of Ghazni was the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid dynasty who ruled from 997 till 1030 in the eastern Iranian lands. Reddy Dynasty was established by Prolaya Vema Reddy in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The immediate cause of the Arab invasion of Sind was the plunder of some Arab ships by Sindi pirates near the coast of Debal. The invasion was led by Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 AD. Ganga Dynasty is divided into Eastern and Western parts. It is originally followed Shaivism but later they converted to Vaishnavism. The rulers of Ganga dynasty had popularised the cult of devdasis in the state. Yamini Dynasty was founded by Subaktagin, a Turkish slave. Yamini dynasty is also known as Ghaznavids. The Sayyid brothers played a vital role in the Muhgal politics, which determined the course of the administration. Baz Bahadur was the last Sultan of Malwa who was known for his love for Rani Rupmati, a Rajput. He was defeated by the King Akbar. Muhammad Ghori was among the second invaders from Central Asia who invaded India after Mahmud of Ghazni in the 12th century. Early Muslim advent into India had ushered in an era of innovation in every domain of life and culture. Deccan Sultanates consist of Ahmednagar Sultanate, Berar Sultanate, Bidar Sultanate, Bijapur Sultanate and Golconda Sultanate and their empire was based in the Deccan Plateau. Varman Rule in Bengal ranged from end of eleventh century to the first half of twelfth century. It succeeded the rule of Chandra dynasty in Bengal. Early Muslim Invasions in India endured the incursions of the Arabs 715 A.D. and later the attacks of Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad Ghori. Architecture under the Nawabs of Awadh possessed an intelligent mixture of Mughal and European influence to determine. Vasireddy clan belonged to the Kamma clan, who were ruling the Southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Society in early medieval period was developed keeping in mind almost all departments of the Indian sub continent. Initiated during the Pala Pratihara period, it was during the post Pratihara time the feudal economy was strengthened. Tomara Dynasty is considered as one of the ancient dynasties of the Chandravanshi lineage. It is believed that Delhi was established by Tomaras. Vaghela Dynasty in Gujarat was the last ruling clan in Gujarat, unified the western part of India with the strong social, political and economic policies. Trade and commerce in the early medieval society was re structured with the change of the societal structure. Economic History of Early Medieval India talks about the flourishing agriculture that not only provided the whole range of foodstuffs, but was also devoted to the production of a number of commercial crops, notably cotton and indigo. Architecture under the Nawabs of Murshidabad was a pivotal point in Bengal under a transitional ruling period. |